Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT), also referred to as Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), is commonly used to alleviate menopause symptoms. However, this study emphasizes the importance of understanding the various types, benefits, risks, and alternatives in order to make informed decisions. Here’s what you should know.

Understanding Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)

MHT involves supplementing hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone, to alleviate menopausal symptoms. It’s recognized as the most effective treatment for issues such as hot flashes, mood swings, and vaginal dryness. Additionally, MHT can help prevent osteoporosis by maintaining bone density.

Types of HRT: Bioidentical vs. Synthetic Hormones

• Bioidentical Hormones: These are structurally identical to the hormones produced by the body and may be marketed as more “natural.”
• Synthetic Hormones: Lab-made versions of hormones that may not be identical to natural human hormones.

Both types can be effective, and the choice often depends on personal preference and availability. 

Who Benefits Most from HRT?

• Women with severe symptoms such as frequent hot flashes, night sweats, and sleep disturbances.
• For women with no contraindications, such as a history of blood clots, stroke, or hormone-sensitive cancers, it can significantly improve quality of life.

For women under 60 or within 10 years of menopause onset, the benefits of MHT often outweigh the risks. If you’re struggling with symptoms, HRT may offer much-needed relief.

Potential Benefits of HRT

• Symptom Relief: Reduces hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness.
• Bone Health: Decreases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
• Improved Quality of Life: Enhances sleep, mood, and overall well-being.

Potential Risks of MHT

MHT is not without risks, including:

• Cancer: A potential increase in certain hormone-sensitive cancers, such as breast cancer.
• Cardiovascular Issues: Increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and heart disease in some women.

These risks depend on individual health factors, the type of hormone therapy used, and dosage. Regular monitoring and knowledge of dosage are essential.

Some studies suggest a potential increase in issues with long-term use, particularly among older women. However, this study found more recent research indicating that for healthy women under 60 or within 10 years of menopause, the risks of HRT are relatively low. Regular check-ups and personalized medical advice remain essential.

Non-Hormonal Alternatives: Options Beyond HRT

For those unable or unwilling to take hormones, non-hormonal options include:

• Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Often used to manage mood swings and hot flashes.
• Gabapentin: A medication used off-label for hot flashes, especially at night.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Regular exercise, healthy eating, mindfulness, good sleep hygiene, and stress management can help alleviate symptoms naturally.

Summary: Making the Right Choice for You

Choosing HRT or considering alternatives is a personal decision. Recognizing the various types, benefits, and potential risks can aid you in making an informed choice that prioritizes your well-being. 

Source: Menopausal Hormone Therapy: A Clinical Practice Guideline. Journal of Menopause Medicine. 2020;26(69):1-10. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000001531.