Seizures occur when spontaneous, erratic signals are sent from the brain to various muscle groups, causing involuntary movements or loss of awareness. While there are different types of seizure disorders, epilepsy is the most commonly encountered in pregnant women. Understanding this condition will empower you to manage your health effectively throughout your pregnancy journey.

Symptoms
While seizures are the hallmark of epilepsy, pregnancy can bring additional challenges. You may experience symptoms such as:

• Anemia
• Vaginal bleeding
• Placental abruption
• Hypertension
• Premature delivery
• Non-progressive labor

It's important to be aware that babies born to mothers with epilepsy have a higher chance of low birth weight and congenital conditions. The elevated risk is sometimes linked to epilepsy management medications.

Treatment
The cornerstone of epilepsy treatment is anticonvulsant medication. It's crucial to weigh the benefits of controlling seizures against potential pregnancy or fetal complications. Some medications, like valproate, might elevate the risk of birth defects. Data from the Epilepsy Foundation reveals that offspring of women with epilepsy can have up to quadruple the likelihood of birth imperfections, including neural tube anomalies, heart malformations, and cleft palates. Adjustments in medication might be required to safeguard your pregnancy while keeping seizures in check.

Trying to Conceive
Conception might be complicated by epilepsy due to factors like irregular menstrual cycles or PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome). Furthermore, certain antiseizure medications could impact fertility. Be proactive and consult your healthcare provider about your treatment plan before attempting to conceive.

Pregnancy
Engage in discussions with your healthcare team to ensure your medications are safe for the pregnancy process and fetal development. Understand that variations in hormone levels—progesterone and estrogen—can influence epilepsy symptoms during pregnancy and the postpartum phase. New-onset seizures during pregnancy could indicate severe complications like preeclampsia or eclampsia, demanding immediate medical intervention, as they dangerously deprive the fetus of oxygen.

Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding is generally safe with controlled epilepsy or seizure disorders. However, having support nearby during breastfeeding can provide extra safety and assurance. Consult with your health practitioner regarding any medications you are taking, as some might pass into breast milk. Honest conversation with your obstetrician well in advance will ensure your plans align with the healthiest options for both you and your baby.