Studies indicate that around 4 percent of pregnant women in the United States use illicit drugs. While this statistic may be concerning, recognizing the potential health impacts and taking informed steps can turn challenges into successes. Our focus is proactive — equipping you with the science and strategies to support your well-being and the health of your developing baby if you or someone you care about is dealing with substance use.

Marijuana

Data from the National Abandoned Infants Assistance Resource Center highlight that around 4.6 percent of women report using marijuana in the first trimester, dropping to 1.4 percent by the third trimester. Understanding how marijuana impacts pregnancy starts with its active ingredient, THC. Approximately one-third of THC in the mother's bloodstream can cross into the placenta, reaching your baby. Additionally, THC finds its way into breast milk. The implications of such exposure are still being studied, but there is concern about its effects on nervous system development, possibly leading to issues such as disrupted sleep, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in children. If these concerns resonate, having a candid conversation with your healthcare provider about marijuana usage and exploring safer alternatives is a powerful step.

Ecstasy, Meth, and Other Amphetamines

Using amphetamines like Ecstasy and methamphetamine during pregnancy can result in significant complications. These could include premature birth and placental issues, affecting the fetus's growth and development. Infants might face challenges such as low birth weight, smaller head size, heart anomalies, and skeletal defects like clubfoot. Being informed and choosing to abstain from these substances during pregnancy gives your baby a healthier, safer start. Set strong goals for yourself and work closely with your healthcare team to navigate these risks effectively.

Heroin and Cocaine

For those facing opioid or cocaine use, being informed about the risks and support available can be transformative. Heroin use during pregnancy is linked with various complications, such as poor fetal growth and increased chances of preterm birth or stillbirth. Infants may experience withdrawal symptoms post-birth and potentially face lifelong challenges due to early exposure. Cocaine use, depending on timing during the pregnancy, can increase risks of miscarriage, early labor, and developmental concerns such as learning disabilities. But there’s strength in making informed decisions. Speak with healthcare professionals to create supportive paths forward. Including your support network and utilizing rehab resources can guide you towards both improved fertility outcomes and a healthier pregnancy.

< High Risk Pregnancy

Now is the moment to make informed, healthy choices. If you are planning a pregnancy or currently pregnant and using any substances, reach out to a healthcare provider for guidance on the best way to protect your fertility and support your pregnancy. Harness this knowledge to create a nurturing environment for both you and your baby. Stay proactive, stay informed, and take charge of this phase of life with confidence and clarity.

Sources:

1. "Illicit Drug Use During Pregnancy." March of Dimes Foundation. n.d. Web. 9 Sept 2013.
2. "Perinatal Marijuana Exposure." National Abandoned Infants Assistance Resource Center. University of California, Berkeley. Web. 9 Sept 2013.